moving from supabase realtime to my own pg notifications + websockets?
Hi, currently I'm relying on supabase realtime which is very very iffy constant random disconnections and errors even with a file that should handle that. So I want to try to build out my own websocket handling. I have some experience with socket.io. Most of my websocket usage currently is subscribing to tables for changes client side to handle data being changed. What would moving to make my own websocket handling look like?
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Hi @WiFi Plug. I'm kapa.ai, your friendly support bot. I will try to answer your question by searching through the knowledge base. :wave:
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Moving from Supabase Realtime to your own PostgreSQL notifications with WebSockets in a Nuxt (Nuxt 3) application is definitely possible, and Nuxt's Nitro server now has built-in support for WebSockets. Here’s what the migration process would generally look like, based on the available knowledge sources:
1. Listen to PostgreSQL Notifications
You’ll need a backend process that listens to PostgreSQL NOTIFY/LISTEN events. This is typically done using a Node.js PostgreSQL client (like
pg). This part is not covered in detail in the Nuxt docs, but it’s a standard Node.js/PostgreSQL pattern.
2. Set Up WebSocket Endpoints in Nuxt
With Nitro (the server engine behind Nuxt 3), you can define WebSocket endpoints directly in your Nuxt project. Here’s a basic example of a WebSocket handler in the server/routes/_ws.ts file:
You can then broadcast messages to connected clients when you receive a notification from PostgreSQL.
3. Connect from the Client
On the client side, you can use a composable like useWebSocket (from VueUse) to connect to your WebSocket endpoint:
This will allow your Nuxt app to receive real-time updates pushed from your server, which in turn are triggered by PostgreSQL notifications.
4. Considerations
- You’ll need to bridge your PostgreSQL notification listener and your WebSocket handler, so that when a NOTIFY event is received, you broadcast it to all relevant WebSocket clients.
- Nitro’s WebSocket support is still evolving, so check for any edge cases (e.g., issues with baseURL and WebSocket routing as discussed in this GitHub issue).
- You can deploy this setup universally, as Nitro supports deployment to Node.js, serverless, and edge environments.
Summary
- Set up a backend listener for PostgreSQL NOTIFY events.
- Use Nitro’s WebSocket handler to push those events to clients.
- Connect from your Nuxt client using a WebSocket composable.
This approach gives you full control and can be more reliable than third-party solutions like Supabase Realtime, especially if you’re already comfortable with WebSockets and want to avoid external dependencies.
For more details and a step-by-step video, see Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
If you need code examples or further details on any step, let me know!
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@kapa.ai so for example I have one table with global site stats which currently all my clients subscribe to any changes on that. And another profiles table where i had client side each client listening for changes on their specific profile. So with this should I still be listening to pg changes client side for their profile or not
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Based on the available knowledge sources, when you move to your own WebSocket handling in Nuxt (using Nitro), you would no longer listen to PostgreSQL changes directly from the client. Instead, your server (Nitro backend) would listen to PostgreSQL notifications (e.g., via LISTEN/NOTIFY), and then broadcast relevant updates to connected clients over WebSockets.
For your use case:
- Global site stats: Your server listens for changes in the stats table and broadcasts updates to all connected clients via WebSockets.
- Profile updates: Your server listens for changes in the profiles table. When a change occurs, it broadcasts the update only to the relevant client(s) (e.g., by tracking which client is interested in which profile).
This means the client is not directly listening to PostgreSQL changes anymore. Instead, the client subscribes to your WebSocket endpoint, and your server is responsible for filtering and pushing only the relevant updates to each client.
This approach is described in the context of integrating WebSockets with Nuxt and Nitro, where the server acts as the intermediary between the database and the client, handling all real-time communication through WebSockets rather than direct database subscriptions from the client side Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
If you need more details on how to implement the filtering logic or manage client subscriptions, let me know!
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@kapa.ai i see, so instead of the client being subscribed listening to pg changes where the profile id is their id instead my server is now listening to pg changes for all profiles in the profiles table and then filtering by profile id to send the changed data only to relevant connected clients?
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Yes, that's correct. With your own WebSocket handling in Nuxt/Nitro, your server would listen to PostgreSQL changes (e.g., via LISTEN/NOTIFY) for all profiles. When a change occurs, your server would then filter the event by profile ID and send the update only to the relevant connected client(s) over WebSockets.
This pattern is implied in the recommended approach for integrating WebSockets with Nuxt and Nitro: the server acts as the intermediary, receiving all relevant database events and distributing them to clients as appropriate, rather than having clients subscribe directly to database changes themselves Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
This gives you full control over which clients receive which updates and avoids exposing your database directly to the client.
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@kapa.ai are there any popular libraries that handle errors, reconnection logic etc etc so that I can just focus on implementing the actual logic
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The knowledge sources do not explicitly mention any specific libraries for handling errors, reconnection logic, and similar concerns for WebSockets in Nuxt or Nitro. However, one of the referenced videos does mention using the VueUse composable
useWebSocket on the client side, which provides built-in support for features like automatic reconnection and error handling in Vue/Nuxt applications Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
If you are looking for a solution that integrates well with Nuxt, @vueuse/core's useWebSocket is a popular choice for client-side WebSocket management. For the server side (Nitro), error handling and connection management would typically be implemented in your WebSocket handler, but the knowledge sources do not mention any higher-level libraries for this purpose.
If you need more advanced features or want to use a different stack, you may need to implement some logic yourself, as the official Nuxt/Nitro documentation and examples focus on the basics of WebSocket integration and do not cover third-party libraries for advanced error/reconnection handling.
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@kapa.ai the way supabase realtime works is that even if i subscribe to say 5 different tables for changes it's all combined into one websocket connection. is there a similar idea when implementing this myself? so i would only have a single main websocket route with different rooms (some private, some public for everyone to join), in order for each room to handle different changes like global site stats or profile changes
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The knowledge sources do not explicitly describe implementing "rooms" or multiplexing multiple logical subscriptions over a single WebSocket connection in Nuxt/Nitro, as Supabase Realtime does. However, the general approach with Nitro's WebSocket support is to define a single WebSocket endpoint (such as
- You can use a single WebSocket endpoint for all real-time features. - Implement your own logic for "rooms" or channels to manage which clients receive which updates. - This approach is similar to how Supabase Realtime multiplexes subscriptions, but the implementation details are up to you. If you need a concrete example of how to structure this logic, let me know! ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------
/_ws) and then implement your own logic for handling different types of messages or "rooms" within that connection.
You can absolutely design your WebSocket handler so that clients connect to a single endpoint and then, through your own protocol (e.g., sending a "join room" message), subscribe to different types of updates (like global site stats or profile changes). The server would then track which clients are interested in which "rooms" and broadcast relevant updates accordingly. This is similar in spirit to how Supabase Realtime multiplexes subscriptions over one connection, but you would need to implement the room management and message routing logic yourself.
This pattern is supported by Nitro's flexible WebSocket handler, as shown in the Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro video, where you can handle different message types and manage client subscriptions as needed.
In summary:- You can use a single WebSocket endpoint for all real-time features. - Implement your own logic for "rooms" or channels to manage which clients receive which updates. - This approach is similar to how Supabase Realtime multiplexes subscriptions, but the implementation details are up to you. If you need a concrete example of how to structure this logic, let me know! ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------
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@kapa.ai what about handling websocket disconnections client side. for example on mobile devices when switching tabs or locking the device with supabase realtime the websocket connection is closed and i have to manually reopen it. is there any automatica handling for this
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The knowledge sources do not explicitly mention built-in automatic handling of WebSocket disconnections and reconnections in Nuxt or Nitro itself. However, the Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro video references using the
useWebSocket composable from VueUse on the client side. VueUse's useWebSocket does provide options for automatic reconnection, which can help handle scenarios like mobile tab switching or device locking where the connection may be interrupted.
So, while Nuxt/Nitro does not provide this out of the box, using useWebSocket from VueUse in your Nuxt app allows you to enable automatic reconnection logic on the client side, making it easier to handle disconnections without manual intervention Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
If you need to customize reconnection behavior, you can configure the options provided by useWebSocket.
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@kapa.ai so another table i was using supabase realtime for was my messages table and I had it setup in such a way that whenever a new item was inserted to that database that I would grab the associated profile data and then broadcast to connected clients. what would be a similar approach when using my own websockets? can i subscribe to a view with preattached profile data on each message for changes?
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The knowledge sources do not explicitly mention subscribing to database views for real-time updates in Nuxt/Nitro or using Nitro WebSockets. However, they do describe a general pattern for handling real-time updates with your own WebSocket implementation:
1. Listen for Database Changes on the Server:
Your server listens for changes (e.g., inserts) in the messages table using PostgreSQL's
When a new message is detected, your server can query the database to fetch the associated profile data for that message. 3. Broadcast to Clients:
The server then broadcasts the combined message and profile data to the relevant connected clients over WebSockets. This is similar to the pattern described for handling streaming data and broadcasting updates in Nuxt/Nitro Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro. Regarding subscribing to a view:
The knowledge sources do not mention the ability to directly subscribe to changes on a database view using PostgreSQL's real-time features. Typically, PostgreSQL's
You cannot directly subscribe to a view for real-time changes with standard PostgreSQL mechanisms, but you can listen for changes on the underlying table, fetch the enriched data (from a view or with a join), and then broadcast it to clients via your WebSocket handler in Nuxt/Nitro. This approach matches the recommended pattern for real-time updates in Nuxt with custom WebSockets Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------
Your server listens for changes (e.g., inserts) in the messages table using PostgreSQL's
LISTEN/NOTIFY mechanism or similar.
2. Fetch Associated Data:When a new message is detected, your server can query the database to fetch the associated profile data for that message. 3. Broadcast to Clients:
The server then broadcasts the combined message and profile data to the relevant connected clients over WebSockets. This is similar to the pattern described for handling streaming data and broadcasting updates in Nuxt/Nitro Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro. Regarding subscribing to a view:
The knowledge sources do not mention the ability to directly subscribe to changes on a database view using PostgreSQL's real-time features. Typically, PostgreSQL's
LISTEN/NOTIFY works with triggers on tables, not views. If you want to broadcast enriched data (e.g., messages with profile info), you would usually:
- Listen for changes on the base table (messages).
- When a change occurs, query the view (or perform a join) to get the enriched data.
- Broadcast that data to clients.
Summary:You cannot directly subscribe to a view for real-time changes with standard PostgreSQL mechanisms, but you can listen for changes on the underlying table, fetch the enriched data (from a view or with a join), and then broadcast it to clients via your WebSocket handler in Nuxt/Nitro. This approach matches the recommended pattern for real-time updates in Nuxt with custom WebSockets Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------
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@kapa.ai efficiency wise it should be okay though to query my profiles table to attach related message data as i only query once then send that combined data to all connected clients right
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The knowledge sources do not provide explicit benchmarks or deep analysis on the efficiency of querying related data (like profiles) when broadcasting messages via WebSockets in Nuxt/Nitro. However, the general pattern described—querying the necessary related data (such as joining messages with profiles) on the server and then broadcasting the combined result to clients—is the recommended approach for real-time updates in Nuxt with custom WebSockets Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
As you mentioned, since you are performing the query once per new message and then sending the enriched data to all relevant clients, this is typically efficient and avoids redundant queries on the client side. The main consideration is to ensure your database queries are optimized (e.g., using proper indexes and efficient joins), but the overall approach aligns with best practices for real-time data delivery in this architecture.
If you have a very high volume of messages or complex joins, you may want to monitor performance, but for most use cases, this pattern is efficient and scalable.
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@kapa.ai in nuxt v4 alpha 2 was anything new related to websockets etc added
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I'm sorry, but the knowledge sources do not contain specific information about new features or changes related to WebSockets in Nuxt v4 alpha 2. The available sources discuss general WebSocket support in Nitro and Nuxt 3, as well as ongoing improvements and the roadmap for Nuxt 4, but do not detail any WebSocket-specific updates in the v4 alpha 2 release. If you need the most up-to-date details, I recommend checking the official Nuxt changelog or GitHub repository for release notes on v4 alpha 2 Nuxt v4 Changelog.
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@kapa.ai what's the difference between server/routes/_ws.ts and the server/api folder
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The main difference between
This folder is used to define API endpoints that are automatically prefixed with
The
- Use
server/routes/_ws.ts and the server/api folder in a Nuxt project is how they handle routing and the types of endpoints they are intended for:
- server/api folder:This folder is used to define API endpoints that are automatically prefixed with
/api. Each file inside this folder becomes an API route (e.g., server/api/hello.ts becomes /api/hello). These endpoints are typically used for RESTful HTTP APIs and can handle different HTTP methods by using file suffixes like .get.ts, .post.ts, etc. server directory docs
- server/routes/_ws.ts:The
server/routes directory is used for defining custom server routes that are not automatically prefixed with /api. Placing a file like _ws.ts here allows you to define a route such as /_ws, which is commonly used for WebSocket endpoints. This is useful for protocols other than HTTP, such as WebSockets, and gives you more flexibility in route naming and handling server directory docs.
In summary:- Use
server/api for standard HTTP API endpoints (auto-prefixed with /api).
- Use server/routes (e.g., server/routes/_ws.ts) for custom routes, such as WebSocket endpoints, that should not have the /api prefix and may use different protocols.
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@kapa.ai so then my server/routes/_ws.ts is where all my clients will connect. but how can i break this down as that one file would handle all my different rooms users can connect to etc? so how do i then handle different files but still have one websocket connection they connect to
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You are correct: with Nitro's WebSocket support in Nuxt, all clients typically connect to a single endpoint such as
- All clients connect to
/_ws defined in server/routes/_ws.ts. The knowledge sources do not describe a built-in way to split WebSocket logic across multiple files while maintaining a single connection endpoint.
The recommended approach, as implied in the sources, is to implement your own routing or "room" logic within that single handler file. You can do this by:
- Defining a protocol for your WebSocket messages (e.g., each message includes a type or room field).
- Inside server/routes/_ws.ts, use a switch or mapping to delegate logic based on the message type or room.
- Optionally, you can organize your code by importing helper functions or classes from other files, but the actual WebSocket handler must be exported from the single endpoint file.
This pattern is similar to how you would handle different actions or rooms in a custom WebSocket server: the connection is established at one endpoint, and you manage the internal logic for rooms and message types yourself Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
Summary:- All clients connect to
/_ws (one file).
- Implement your own message routing/room logic inside that handler.
- You can split logic into helper files, but the entry point remains a single handler file.
There is no built-in file-based routing for WebSocket sub-handlers in Nitro/Nuxt as there is for HTTP API routes.
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@kapa.ai pros/cons of socket.io vs the nitro websocket implementation and usewebsocket composable
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The knowledge sources do not provide a direct, detailed comparison between Socket.IO and the Nitro WebSocket implementation with the
useWebSocket composable in Nuxt. However, based on the available information, here are some key points:
Nitro WebSocket Implementation + useWebSocket (VueUse)
Pros:
- Native Integration: Nitro’s WebSocket support is built into Nuxt 3+, allowing you to define WebSocket endpoints directly in your project (e.g., server/routes/_ws.ts) and use them seamlessly with the rest of your Nuxt app Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
- Universal Deployment: Works across Node.js, serverless, and edge environments, leveraging Nitro’s universal deployment capabilities Getting Started: Server.
- Simple Protocol: Uses the standard WebSocket protocol, which is widely supported and lightweight.
- Client Convenience: The useWebSocket composable from VueUse provides features like automatic reconnection and easy state management on the client side Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
Cons:
- Basic Features: Nitro’s WebSocket implementation is relatively low-level and does not provide advanced features like rooms, namespaces, or built-in event broadcasting—you need to implement these patterns yourself.
- No Built-in Polyfills: Only works where native WebSockets are supported; does not provide fallbacks for older browsers or environments.
Socket.IO
The knowledge sources do not discuss Socket.IO in detail, so a direct feature-by-feature comparison is not available. However, it is implied that:
- Socket.IO is a more feature-rich library that provides additional abstractions (like rooms, namespaces, and automatic fallbacks to other protocols if WebSockets are not available).
- Using Socket.IO would require additional setup and may not be as tightly integrated with Nitro/Nuxt’s native server engine.
Summary
- Nitro WebSockets + useWebSocket: Best for native, lightweight, and universal real-time features in Nuxt, but you must implement advanced patterns (like rooms) yourself.
- Socket.IO: Not covered in detail in the sources, but generally known for more features and protocol fallbacks, at the cost of extra complexity and less native integration with Nuxt/Nitro.
If you need advanced real-time features out of the box, Socket.IO may be preferable, but for most Nuxt projects, Nitro’s native WebSocket support with useWebSocket is recommended for its simplicity and integration Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
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@kapa.ai "export default defineWebSocketHandler({
open(peer) {
console.log("[ws] open");
},
async message(peer, message) {
const text = await message.text();
if (text.includes("ping")) {
peer.send("pong");
} else {
console.log("[ws] message", text);
}
},
close(peer, event) {
console.log("[ws] close");
},
error(peer, error) {
console.log("[ws] error", error);
},
});
" i have this super simple setup "
ERROR [unhandledRejection] read ECONNRESET 19:27:36
at TCP.onStreamRead (node:internal/stream_base_commons:216:20) ERROR [unhandledRejection] read ECONNRESET 19:27:36
at TCP.onStreamRead (node:internal/stream_base_commons:216:20) " when my iphone disconnects from the websocket i get this in my server logs how can i avoid that why isn't it triggering the [ws] error?
at TCP.onStreamRead (node:internal/stream_base_commons:216:20) ERROR [unhandledRejection] read ECONNRESET 19:27:36
at TCP.onStreamRead (node:internal/stream_base_commons:216:20) " when my iphone disconnects from the websocket i get this in my server logs how can i avoid that why isn't it triggering the [ws] error?
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The knowledge sources do not provide explicit details about handling the
- The
ECONNRESET error in Nitro's WebSocket implementation or why it might not trigger your [ws] error handler. However, based on the available information, Nitro's WebSocket handler exposes open, message, close, and error hooks for handling connection events Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
The ECONNRESET error typically occurs when the client (your iPhone) disconnects abruptly, and it is possible that this low-level network error is not being caught by the error handler in your defineWebSocketHandler. Instead, it may be bubbling up as an unhandled promise rejection in the Node.js process.
The knowledge sources do not mention a built-in way to suppress or handle these specific errors in Nitro. If you want to avoid these logs, you may need to add global error handling for unhandled promise rejections in your Node.js process, but this is not covered in the Nuxt/Nitro documentation.
Summary:- The
[ws] error handler may not catch low-level network errors like ECONNRESET.
- The knowledge sources do not provide a solution for suppressing or handling these errors within Nitro's WebSocket API.
- This behavior appears to be a limitation or unhandled case in the current Nitro WebSocket implementation.
If you need more control over error handling, you may need to monitor updates to Nitro or check for open issues or discussions in the Nuxt GitHub repository for potential workarounds or fixes.
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@kapa.ai "const room = "global";
export default defineWebSocketHandler({
open(peer) {
console.log("[ws] open");
peer.subscribe(room);
peer.publish(room, "another user joined the chat");
},
async message(peer, message) {
const text = await message.text();
if (text.includes("ping")) {
peer.send("pong");
} else {
peer.publish(room, text);
console.log("[ws] message", text);
}
},
close(peer, event) {
console.log("[ws] close");
},
error(peer, error) {
console.log("[ws] error", error);
},
});
" so I have this server code along with a basic component client side "<script setup lang="ts">
// Connect to websocket here. Handles reconnection and heartbeat
const { status, data, send, close, open } = useWebSocket("/_ws", {
autoReconnect: {
retries: 3,
delay: 1000,
onFailed() {
alert("Failed to connect WebSocket after 3 retries");
},
},
heartbeat: {
message: "ping",
interval: 1000,
pongTimeout: 1000,
},
});
// All messages history
const messages = ref<string[]>([]);
// Current message user is typing
const message = ref();
// Receive new messages from websocket
watch(data, (newValue) => {
if (newValue != "pong") {
messages.value.push(
server: ${newValue});
}
});
// Send new message
function sendData() {
send(message.value);
message.value = "";
}
</script>
<template>
<div>
<h1>WebSocket - let's go!</h1>
<!-- Send message form -->
<form @submit.prevent="sendData">
<input v-model="message" />
<button type="submit">Send</button>
</form>
<!-- Display messages -->
<div>
<p v-for="message in messages">{{ message }}</p>
</div>
</div>
</template>
" is this the right approach in order to ignore pong messages from the server? also if I spam the same letter for example "o" in my input repeatedly quickly then i see in my server logs that it correctly received them all. however my client doesn't prLet me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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Your approach to ignoring
You mention that when you spam the same letter (e.g., "o") quickly, the server logs show all messages are received, but your client does not print them all. The knowledge sources do not provide explicit details about this specific behavior or limitations in the
- Your method for ignoring
"pong" messages from the server by checking if (newValue != "pong") before pushing to the messages array is reasonable and matches the typical pattern for handling heartbeat responses in a WebSocket chat scenario. This is a common way to filter out non-chat messages (like heartbeat pongs) on the client side.
Regarding your second issue:You mention that when you spam the same letter (e.g., "o") quickly, the server logs show all messages are received, but your client does not print them all. The knowledge sources do not provide explicit details about this specific behavior or limitations in the
useWebSocket composable from VueUse. However, based on the available information, useWebSocket is designed to handle incoming messages and update the data ref with the latest message received Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
Potential cause (based on the sources):
- The data ref in useWebSocket only holds the most recent message, not a queue of all messages. If multiple messages arrive in quick succession, some may be overwritten before your watcher processes them, leading to missed messages on the client side.
Summary:- Your method for ignoring
"pong" messages is correct.
- The client may miss messages if they arrive too quickly, because useWebSocket's data ref only holds the latest message, not a buffer or queue.
If you need to reliably handle high-frequency messages, you may need to implement a custom message queue or use a composable that supports message buffering. The knowledge sources do not provide a built-in solution for this in Nuxt or VueUse.
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@kapa.ai so is the watch(data, (newValue)) the recommended way to process incoming websocket messages? or is it possible to somehow ensure I receive them all so I can process them in a queue?
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----------------------
The knowledge sources indicate that using
watch(data, (newValue)) is the standard approach when working with the useWebSocket composable from VueUse in a Nuxt application, as it reacts to changes in the latest message received from the WebSocket connection Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
However, the sources also imply a limitation: the data ref only holds the most recent message. If multiple messages arrive in rapid succession, some may be overwritten before your watcher processes them, which means you could miss messages if they come in too quickly.
The knowledge sources do not mention a built-in way in useWebSocket to buffer or queue all incoming messages to guarantee that none are missed. Therefore, while watch(data, (newValue)) is the recommended and common approach, it may not be sufficient for high-frequency message scenarios where message loss is unacceptable.
If you require guaranteed message delivery and processing in a queue, you would need to implement additional logic or use a different library, but the knowledge sources do not provide details or recommendations for such solutions.
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@kapa.ai how to add supabase module
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To add the Supabase module to your Nuxt project, you need to include
@nuxtjs/supabase in the modules section of your nuxt.config.ts file. Here’s how you can do it:
After adding the module, you can configure it with your Supabase URL and key as needed. The module will then be available throughout your Nuxt app for authentication, database, and storage features Nuxt.js localhost redirects to /login automatically, resulting in 404 error Part 1.
For more details and configuration options, refer to the official Supabase module documentation.
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@kapa.ai nuxt.js?v=e520f9f4:124 [nuxt] error caught during app initialization RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded
at useHead (v4.js?v=e520f9f4:20:19)
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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The knowledge sources do not provide a specific answer for the "Maximum call stack size exceeded" error related to
useHead in Nuxt. However, based on the available documentation, a common cause for this type of error is an unintended recursive call or a reactive dependency loop when using composables like useHead.
Here are some things to check, based on best practices from the sources:
- Avoid Recursive Calls: Ensure that useHead is not being called inside a computed property or watcher that itself depends on the head state, which could cause an infinite loop useHead composable docs.
- Check for Reactive Loops: If you are passing reactive data (like a ref or computed) to useHead, make sure that updating the head does not trigger a change in the same reactive data, which would cause a stack overflow SEO and Meta Features.
- Correct Usage: useHead should be called at the top level of your setup function, not inside other functions or callbacks.
If you can share the relevant code where useHead is used, it may help pinpoint the exact cause. If the issue persists, consider checking for circular dependencies or providing a minimal reproduction for further debugging.
The knowledge sources do not contain more detailed troubleshooting steps for this specific error.
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@kapa.ai nitro websockets, should I be storing and how should i be storing clients and rooms that are connected to my _ws.ts and how can i check the status of a specific peer if they're connected/ready or something
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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The knowledge sources do not provide explicit, detailed guidance on how to store clients and rooms or how to check the status of a specific peer in Nitro WebSockets. However, they do show that Nitro’s WebSocket handler provides a
- You should manage clients and rooms yourself using in-memory structures in your handler file. - Track peer status using the lifecycle events (
peer object for each connection, and you can use methods like peer.subscribe(room) and peer.publish(room, message) to manage room membership and message broadcasting Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
Storing Clients and Rooms:
- You can implement your own in-memory data structures (such as Maps or Sets) within your server/routes/_ws.ts file to track connected peers and their associated rooms.
- For example, you might use a Map<room, Set<peer>> to keep track of which peers are in which rooms.
- Since Nitro’s WebSocket API is low-level, you are responsible for managing this state yourself.
Checking Peer Status:
- The knowledge sources do not mention a built-in method to check if a specific peer is "connected" or "ready."
- You can track connection status by handling the open, close, and error events in your WebSocket handler. For example, when a peer connects, add them to your data structure; when they disconnect, remove them.
Example pattern:
Summary:- You should manage clients and rooms yourself using in-memory structures in your handler file. - Track peer status using the lifecycle events (
open, close, error).
- There is no built-in Nitro API for querying peer status; you must implement this logic as needed.
If you need more advanced features (like persistent storage or distributed state), you would need to implement those yourself, as the knowledge sources do not cover such scenarios.
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@kapa.ai " private clients = new Map<string, Client>();
private rooms = new Map<string, Set<string>>();" so not like this?
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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The knowledge sources do not provide explicit code examples for how to structure your in-memory storage for clients and rooms in Nitro WebSockets. However, they do indicate that you are responsible for managing this state yourself within your WebSocket handler file Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
Using a
- The knowledge sources do not show this exact code, but managing clients and rooms with
Map<string, Client> for clients and a Map<string, Set<string>> for rooms is a common and reasonable approach in Node.js/TypeScript applications for tracking connected clients and their room memberships. This pattern is not contradicted by the knowledge sources, and it aligns with the general advice to manage your own in-memory structures for this purpose.
Summary:- The knowledge sources do not show this exact code, but managing clients and rooms with
Map and Set is a valid approach.
- You are expected to implement this logic yourself, as Nitro does not provide built-in abstractions for client/room management.
If you use this pattern, ensure you update your maps appropriately on connection (open), disconnection (close), and when clients join/leave rooms.
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@kapa.ai where can i import the type for "peer" from? in my server route
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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I'm sorry, but the knowledge sources do not specify where to import the type for the
peer object used in Nitro WebSocket handlers. The available documentation and examples show usage of the peer parameter in the handler functions, but do not mention a specific TypeScript type or its import path Integrating WebSockets in Nuxt and Nitro.
If you need the exact type, you may need to check the Nitro or Nuxt source code or generated types in your project, as this information is not covered in the provided knowledge sources.
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@kapa.ai will files nested in folders in my server utils be auto imported? like /utils/websocket/database?
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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Files nested in subfolders within your
server/utils directory will not be auto-imported by default. Only files directly inside server/utils/ are auto-imported in the server context. If you want to auto-import files from nested directories, you need to add those directories to the imports.dirs and nitro.imports.dirs options in your configuration.
Only files in theshared directory docs The same scanning logic applies toshared/utils/andshared/types/directories will be auto-imported. Files nested within subdirectories of these directories will not be auto-imported unless you add these directories toimports.dirsandnitro.imports.dirs
server/utils as to shared/utils and composables/ utils directory docs.
So, for /server/utils/websocket/database.ts, you would need to either:
- Move the file up to /server/utils/, or
- Add /server/utils/websocket to your imports.dirs and nitro.imports.dirs in nuxt.config.ts to enable auto-importing from that subdirectory.
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@kapa.ai i want to import nested folders in my composables folder so what do i set
Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books:
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To auto-import composables from nested folders within your
composables directory, you need to configure the imports.dirs option in your nuxt.config.ts. For example, to scan all composables within nested directories, you can set:
This will ensure that files in nested folders inside composables are also auto-imported composables directory docs.
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