**Optimizing Durable Workflow Rate Limiting with DurableRateLimiter**

// Entity with semaphore for rate limiting
const live = entity.toLayer(
  Effect.gen(function* () {
    const semaphore = yield* Effect.makeSemaphore(MAX_CONCURRENT_AGENTS);

    return {
      Execute: ({ payload }) =>
        semaphore.withPermits(1)(runVerificationAgent(payload))
    };
  }),
  { concurrency: "unbounded" }  // <-- All RPCs enter immediately
);

// In workflow
const agentResults = yield* Effect.all(
  agents.map((_, i) =>
    Activity.make({
      name: `RunVerificationAgent-${i}`,
      execute: executorClient.Execute({ agentIndex: i, ... })
    })
  ),
  { concurrency: "unbounded" }
);

// In workflow - no executor entity needed
const agentResults = yield* Effect.all(
  agents.map((_, i) =>
    Activity.make({
      name: `RunVerificationAgent-${i}`,
      execute: Effect.gen(function* () {
        // Rate limit using DurableRateLimiter
        yield* DurableRateLimiter.rateLimit({
          name: "verification-agents",
          algorithm: "token-bucket",
          window: "1 minute",
          limit: MAX_CONCURRENT_AGENTS,
          key: "global",
          tokens: 1,
        });

        // Run agent inline
        return yield* runVerificationAgent({ agentIndex: i, ... });
      })
    })
  ),
  { concurrency: "unbounded" }  // Rate limiter controls actual concurrency
);