Ash Elixir•2w ago

`:read`ing random entry

meow! i'd like to ask a possibly dumb question. i am currently making an inspirational quotes API. i have a /api/quote endpoint with :random action which pretty much speaks for itself - returns a random quote and its author how should i correctly define my :random action? i know how to fetch a random entry using Ecto from q in "table", order_by: fragment("RANDOM()"), limit: 1, select: q. how would i do this in my action? i am using sqlite btw and here's my resource definition

  use Ash.Resource,
    domain: App.Domain,
    extensions: [AshJsonApi.Resource],
    data_layer: AshSqlite.DataLayer

  json_api do
    type "quote"
  end

  sqlite do
    table "quotes_en"

    repo App.Repo
  end

  actions do
    read :random do
      get? true

      prepare build(limit: 1) # made this to check if this even works
    end
  end

  attributes do
    attribute :text, :string do
      primary_key? true
      allow_nil? false
    end

    attribute :author, :string do
      allow_nil? true
    end
  end

  use Ash.Resource,
    domain: App.Domain,
    extensions: [AshJsonApi.Resource],
    data_layer: AshSqlite.DataLayer

  json_api do
    type "quote"
  end

  sqlite do
    table "quotes_en"

    repo App.Repo
  end

  actions do
    read :random do
      get? true

      prepare build(limit: 1) # made this to check if this even works
    end
  end

  attributes do
    attribute :text, :string do
      primary_key? true
      allow_nil? false
    end

    attribute :author, :string do
      allow_nil? true
    end
  end

i use quote's text as primary key in my db to eliminate duplicates and to add new quotes from CSV-s and other stuff w/ ease. and i guess i won't need ids for them in the near future as you can see, i have language code in my table's name, that's because i have multiple tables with quotes in different languages. so i need to choose which table to query too...

Solution:

prepare build(limit: 1, sort: Ash.Sort.expr_sort(fragment("RANDOM()")))

prepare build(limit: 1, sort: Ash.Sort.expr_sort(fragment("RANDOM()")))

...

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13 Replies

Solution

ZachDaniel•2w ago

prepare build(limit: 1, sort: Ash.Sort.expr_sort(fragment("RANDOM()")))

prepare build(limit: 1, sort: Ash.Sort.expr_sort(fragment("RANDOM()")))

ZachDaniel•2w ago

Try that you may need to require Ash.Sort

kira🌺OP•2w ago

thanks! it works. now i need to somehow deal with the multiple tables situation. also API responses are a bit off - i need to return :text field inside "attributes", and not as id, but i don't have an 'id' column in my tables

{
  "data": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        // no text
        "author": "Mother Teresa"
      },
      // here it is
      "id": "Peace begins with a smile.",
      "links": {},
      "meta": {},
      "type": "quote",
      "relationships": {}
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "self": "http://localhost:4000/api/quote"
  },
  "meta": {},
  "jsonapi": {
    "version": "1.0"
  }
}

{
  "data": [
    {
      "attributes": {
        // no text
        "author": "Mother Teresa"
      },
      // here it is
      "id": "Peace begins with a smile.",
      "links": {},
      "meta": {},
      "type": "quote",
      "relationships": {}
    }
  ],
  "links": {
    "self": "http://localhost:4000/api/quote"
  },
  "meta": {},
  "jsonapi": {
    "version": "1.0"
  }
}

ZachDaniel•2w ago

The id attribute is actually non-optional in the JSON:API specification so we take the primary key and we write it to the id attribute and remove it from attributes I forget if there is an option to tell it not to do that, lemme double check Looks like there is not currently, but one could be added without too much hassle. In the meantime you could use a generic action to make the response look like whatever you wanted

# in a different file
defmodule MyApp.MyDomain.MyResource.Types.QuoteResult do
  use Ash.Type.NewType, subtype_of: :map, constraints: [
    fields: [text: [type: :string, allow_nil?: false], author: [type: :string, allow_nil?: false]]
  ]
end

# in the actions block
action :random_quote, MyApp.MyDomain.MyResource.Types.QuoteResult do
  run fn input, _ -> 
    {:ok, # get a random quote here and return `%{text: "the text", author: "the author"}`
  end
end

# in a different file
defmodule MyApp.MyDomain.MyResource.Types.QuoteResult do
  use Ash.Type.NewType, subtype_of: :map, constraints: [
    fields: [text: [type: :string, allow_nil?: false], author: [type: :string, allow_nil?: false]]
  ]
end

# in the actions block
action :random_quote, MyApp.MyDomain.MyResource.Types.QuoteResult do
  run fn input, _ -> 
    {:ok, # get a random quote here and return `%{text: "the text", author: "the author"}`
  end
end

Then you can use route :get, "/random_quote", :random_quote that endpoint won't be JSON:API spec compliant but you probably don't care about that for this?

kira🌺OP•2w ago

so there's no option for uuid_primary_key/integer_primary_key [if i add one of them to my attributes list] to be like an abstract field? so Ash won't query it from my data layer?

ZachDaniel•2w ago

If you don't mind id and text being duplicated in the structs & response then you could do:

    attribute :id, :string do
      source :text
      primary_key? true
      allow_nil? false
    end

    attribute :text, :string do
      allow_nil? false
    end

    attribute :id, :string do
      source :text
      primary_key? true
      allow_nil? false
    end

    attribute :text, :string do
      allow_nil? false
    end

Then your response would have id and text populated the primary key can't be a calculation though, no You could also do

attributes do
  uuid_primary_key :id

  attribute :text, :string, allow_nil?: false
end

identities do
  identity :unique_text, [:text]
end

attributes do
  uuid_primary_key :id

  attribute :text, :string, allow_nil?: false
end

identities do
  identity :unique_text, [:text]
end

and then when you create something it will generate the UUID id and text will always be unique (or otherwise an error, unless you do an upsert)

kira🌺OP•2w ago

it'll do the job until i add ids to my tables, thanks! considering the table situation, i see that i can add multiple DSL table attributes

  sqlite do
    table "quotes_en"
    table "quotes_zh"
    table "quotes_fr"
    # ...

    repo App.Repo
  end

  sqlite do
    table "quotes_en"
    table "quotes_zh"
    table "quotes_fr"
    # ...

    repo App.Repo
  end

and Ash queries from the last defined table. if i define an argument in my :random action like :lang, is it possible to choose table from which to query?

ZachDaniel•2w ago

not using multiple table declarations no you'd do something like this:

argument :lang, :string, allow_nil?: false

prepare fn query, _ -> 
  Ash.Query.set_context(query, %{data_layer: %{table: "quotes_#{query.arguments.lang}"}})
end

argument :lang, :string, allow_nil?: false

prepare fn query, _ -> 
  Ash.Query.set_context(query, %{data_layer: %{table: "quotes_#{query.arguments.lang}"}})
end

If you do that, you must validate the language list 🙂

kira🌺OP•2w ago

where should i place validations block?

ZachDaniel•2w ago

there is one at the top level for validations across all create/update actions (and optionally destroy) and you can place validations in create/update/destroy actions directly

Elixord•2w ago

Hexdocs Search Results

Searched ash-3.5.8 for validations

ash-3.5.8 | extras

Validations

ZachDaniel•2w ago

See the validations guide for more You can't use them on read actions, you have to roll your own validation code currently in preparations

kira🌺OP•2w ago

much obliged for the help!

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`:read`ing random entry

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