Forms functionality

Can somebody please explain how forms work? I know how to create and style to what I want, but where are they submitted to? I googled and youtube and they mention "php", but they I haven't found anything explaining where forms submit to. Like if your have a contact form, and they put the basics, name, phone, email, where does that go? and how or where does the company whos website it is get that information, does it get emailed or texted to them to call the clients? please explain and thank you.
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