utilize a microcontroller's GPIO pins to control peripheral devices in an IoT embedded software in C

Hello guys how can i utilize a microcontroller's GPIO pins to control peripheral devices in an IoT embedded software in C or Arduino, I want to control a LED by turning it on or off using a GPIO pin, can I be provided some general steps or considerations for using a GPIO pin to interact with peripheral devices in an IoT application. also, are there any specific libraries that can help me get started
@Middleware & OS
Solution
You can use the following libraries
Arduino Standard Library
ESP8266/ESP32 Libraries
FreeRTOS: For more advanced IoT applications requiring real-time capabilities, consider using FreeRTOS, which is available for several microcontrollers including STM32 and ESP32.
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