Also you can check the Cf-Cache-Status header which should say HIT not DYNAMIC - if it's DYNAMIC then Cloudflare is intentionally not caching for some reason
You could with a Worker yes, but keep in mind POST and GET are different for a reason. GET can have bodies but isn't supposed to and some reverse proxies will strip it if they see it. GET can also be cached and POST shouldn't be (which matters for things like form submissions).
The Tunnel itself would connect to datacenters in and around Germany. From there, data could be routed from an Indian datacenter to the ones in Germany.