Is it possible to create a D1 database with the API and access it through a worker binding? What is

SSQQ Is it possible to create a D1 database with the API and access it through a work...

D

Dean•2/22/25, 7:12 AM

Yes you can, this is how I do it: I create the database via the API, i use the API to also create the table / schema and then use the API to modify the worker settings to add the D1 binding. The last bit is the tricky bit, even from when I've done it the documentation / endpoints have changed.

DDean Yes you can, this is how I do it: I create the database via the API, i use the A...

S

SQQOP•2/22/25, 6:35 PM

I had a look at the Workers API and you are right is looks tricky to say the least. Provisioning a database per client for a SaaS app automatically and tying it to a worker via various API calls seems fragile. I’d love to use D1 for my needs but Turso seems much easier for this scenario at the moment. I had a think about how I could do this without API calls and the only way I could think of was to create all the databases up front (100’s 1000’s?), bind them to a worker, and then control assignment via my app. Not the most elegant solution.

SSQQ I had a look at the Workers API and you are right is looks tricky to say the lea...

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Dean•2/22/25, 6:38 PM

Dynamic bindings is suppose to fix this which is suppose to release soon but that was nearly 6 months ago and haven’t heard anything more on it. You’re also capped to 5000 databases at the moment per worker.

DDean Dynamic bindings is suppose to fix this which is suppose to release soon but tha...

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SQQOP•2/22/25, 9:00 PM

Sounds promising - hopefully they include some sort of smooth solution to the per worker limit for bindings and storage limit per database - thanks for the info!

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Larry•2/23/25, 12:15 AM

In the meantime, you might want to take a look at Durable Objects (DOs) with the SQLite storage engine. The max database size there is only 1GB, but it will increase to match D1s (10GB) once it's out of beta. You get the equivalent of dynamic binding with DOs because each DO instance gets its own SQLite database.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:51 AM

    try {
      // Check if the DB is reachable
      env.DB.prepare("SELECT 1").first();
      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run()
        .then((result: unknown) => {
          console.debug("Insertion result:", result);
        })
        .catch((error: unknown) => {
          console.error("Error inserting data:", error);
          throw error; // Rethrow to handle in the catch block
        });

      console.debug({ ... }, "logged to D1 database", { result });
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Insertion into", { env }, "failed", err);
    }

    try {
      // Check if the DB is reachable
      env.DB.prepare("SELECT 1").first();
      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run()
        .then((result: unknown) => {
          console.debug("Insertion result:", result);
        })
        .catch((error: unknown) => {
          console.error("Error inserting data:", error);
          throw error; // Rethrow to handle in the catch block
        });

      console.debug({ ... }, "logged to D1 database", { result });
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Insertion into", { env }, "failed", err);
    }

    try {
      // Check if the DB is reachable
      env.DB.prepare("SELECT 1").first();
      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run()
        .then((result: unknown) => {
          console.debug("Insertion result:", result);
        })
        .catch((error: unknown) => {
          console.error("Error inserting data:", error);
          throw error; // Rethrow to handle in the catch block
        });

      console.debug({ ... }, "logged to D1 database", { result });
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Insertion into", { env }, "failed", err);
    }

    try {
      // Check if the DB is reachable
      env.DB.prepare("SELECT 1").first();
      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run()
        .then((result: unknown) => {
          console.debug("Insertion result:", result);
        })
        .catch((error: unknown) => {
          console.error("Error inserting data:", error);
          throw error; // Rethrow to handle in the catch block
        });

      console.debug({ ... }, "logged to D1 database", { result });
    } catch (err) {
      console.error("Insertion into", { env }, "failed", err);
    }

logs

... logged to D1 database { result: Promise { <pending> } }

... logged to D1 database { result: Promise { <pending> } }

but it should be logging an error, because I know there's an error in one of the values I

INSERT

INSERT

.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:51 AM

      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run();

      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run();

      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run();

      const result = env.DB.prepare("INSERT INTO ... (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)")
        .bind()
        .run();

does seem to be a

Promise

Promise

.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:51 AM

Everything works fine if I just use

await

await

instead of

then

then

and

catch

catch

, but I'd like to do this database insertion in a non-blocking way, preferably.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:51 AM

Anyone know how to do this in a non-blocking way, while still being able to see database insertion errors?

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:51 AM

All of this is inside a

  async fetch(request: Request, env: any): Promise<Response>

  async fetch(request: Request, env: any): Promise<Response>

  async fetch(request: Request, env: any): Promise<Response>

  async fetch(request: Request, env: any): Promise<Response>

Cloudflare handler.

HHamir Mahal ```ts try { // Check if the DB is reachable env.DB.prepare("SELE...

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 3:52 AM

And if I switch to using

await

await

, I see the error, although I believe that makes the database insertion a blocking operation.

HHamir Mahal ```ts try { // Check if the DB is reachable env.DB.prepare("SELE...

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/23/25, 5:09 AM

This won't work unless you do the

await

await

. You can't see the value of a Promise before it's completed, and the console.debug({}) is run before the result of the Promise.

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/23/25, 5:09 AM

If it's for logging purposes and you want to avoid holding up the response, you can use ctx.waitUntil

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/23/25, 5:09 AM

https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/context/#waituntil

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tt•2/23/25, 5:37 AM

Since yesterday, I have been encountering the error "D1_ERROR: Network connection lost." in a Worker that is performing a SELECT query on D1.
When I try to open the corresponding D1 dashboard in a web browser, it keeps loading indefinitely and does not display anything.
Is there any solution to this issue?

Sorry if it sounds weird, I'm using a translation tool.

LLarry In the meantime, you might want to take a look at Durable Objects (DOs) with the...

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Dean•2/23/25, 11:45 AM

This is good advice, but it’s not exactly the same as D1, for example time travel backups doesn’t exist for durable objects (afaik) and no API support

Ttt Since yesterday, I have been encountering the error "D1_ERROR: Network connectio...

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James•2/23/25, 2:46 PM

Is this still happening? If so, let us know your Database ID and we can escalate this to be looked at.

J

James•2/23/25, 3:24 PM

Your account ID would also be helpful @tt for the team, thanks

JJames Your account ID would also be helpful @tt for the team, thanks

T

tt•2/23/25, 3:29 PM

@James
Thanks for reading.
Sent by DM

J

James•2/23/25, 3:30 PM

Thanks, I've escalated to the team. Hopefully they'll be able to resolve it soon.

IIsaac McFadyen This won't work unless you do the `await`. You can't see the value of a Promise ...

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 9:30 PM

I'm looking into this now.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 9:30 PM

async fetch(request, env, ctx)

async fetch(request, env, ctx)

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 9:30 PM

How do I get accurate typing for

env

env

and

ctx

ctx

?

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 9:44 PM

Thanks for the suggestion.

H

Hamir Mahal•2/23/25, 9:45 PM

From where should I import

ExportedHandler

ExportedHandler

and

Env

Env

?

S

Silvan•2/23/25, 11:34 PM

Special type of question. I use the new worker assets with a framework. i have access to my bindings on my pages but now i want to connect drizzle
usually you have a db.ts where you export your drizzle client. but here i dont have access to my platform env.

i see some people do

const db = drizzle(env.DB);

const db = drizzle(env.DB);

everywhere they need the db. is that the way to go? or is it still possible to somehow export 1 drizzle client globally?

SSilvan Special type of question. I use the new worker assets with a framework. i have a...

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Hello, I’m Allie!•2/23/25, 11:38 PM

Yeah, that’s the way. There is sort of a way to do globals, but it shouldn’t give you much of a benefit since Drizzle itself is stateless

HHello, I’m Allie!Yeah, that’s the way. There is *sort of* a way to do globals, but it shouldn’t g...

S

Silvan•2/23/25, 11:40 PM

okay good to know thanks!

S

Silvan•2/24/25, 12:18 AM

Actually managed to migrate an entire app fairly quick. everything working with some hacks.
Even tho i gotta rewrite my transactions :/

https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-sdk/issues/2733

im in love with the cloudflare services but d1 seems to be the biggest headache for a lot of people

GitHub

🚀 Feature Request: D1 Transaction support · Issue #2733 · cloudflar...

Describe the solution Has the procedures feature mentioned in this article been shipped? This feature does not seem to be available in the current version sdk, either locally or remotely. Is there ...

B

beelzabub•2/24/25, 5:35 AM

Does D1 support positional parameter binding like ?1 ?2 instead of ? ?

B

beelzabub•2/24/25, 6:39 AM

Yes, but

await DB.prepare('SELECT col FROM table WHERE col1 = ?2 AND col2 = ?1 AND col3 = ?1').bind(1, 2).run()

await DB.prepare('SELECT col FROM table WHERE col1 = ?2 AND col2 = ?1 AND col3 = ?1').bind(1, 2).run()

I

imrebuild•2/24/25, 8:11 PM

I just noticed that

SELECT file_id FROM file WHERE ref_id = '123'

SELECT file_id FROM file WHERE ref_id = '123'

SELECT file_id FROM file WHERE ref_id = '123'

SELECT file_id FROM file WHERE ref_id = '123' shows

"rows_read": 2

"rows_read": 2

"rows_read": 2

"rows_read": 2. Does it mean that reading index is also counted as well as reading the data?

Iimrebuild I just noticed that `SELECT file_id FROM file WHERE ref_id = '123'` shows `"rows...

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/24/25, 8:17 PM

Correct.

B

beelzabub•2/24/25, 8:26 PM

@Isaac McFadyen any idea why none of

npx wrangler d1 migrations --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations --help /

npx wrangler d1 migrations apply --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations apply --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations apply --help

npx wrangler d1 migrations apply --help lists

persist-to

persist-to

persist-to

persist-to as a valid option?

Bbeelzabub @Isaac McFadyen any idea why none of `npx wrangler d1 migrations --help` / `npx ...

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/24/25, 8:35 PM

From the source it looks like a valid option so I'm guessing it might have just been forgotten in the

--help

--help

--help

--help output?

I

Isaac McFadyen•2/24/25, 8:35 PM

Not quite sure, I haven't used migrations much, sorry.

S

Skycrafter•2/25/25, 3:13 PM

Hello, I have a website project where I'm trying to use a D1 db. However, I'm getting big latencies, so I was thinking of using the Sessions API. However, I'm afraid of data inconsistency (for reads) from one user to the next. Can help me understand how should a session be initiated on a worker to ensure that all future queries have up-to-date data? Like, should navigating between pages create a new session to have up-to-date info? That feels as bad as using no replication. Any insights on if I missed something? Thanks a lot

J

James•2/25/25, 3:15 PM

The sessions API doesn’t exist yet - but soon. I’m sure a lot more info will be shared when it’s released and generally available, with best practices, recommendations, etc.

S

Skycrafter•2/25/25, 3:15 PM

okay thank you

MMax (@rozenmd)It'll be possible to limit replication within an area (like the EU for GDPR)

M

mohamnag•2/26/25, 6:06 AM

Is this already available? I’m not sure if anyone can use D1 for a serious project in EU until we have this

Mmohamnag Is this already available? I’m not sure if anyone can use D1 for a serious proje...

L

lambrospetrou•2/26/25, 6:47 AM

Replication is not released yet, and will be optional anyway for some time. You can decide to keep your primary database instance in EEUR or WEUR.

Llambrospetrou Replication is not released yet, and will be optional anyway for some time. You ...

M

mohamnag•2/26/25, 6:54 AM

is keeping data in EU done using location hint? Because docs say that one is not binding and might even be ignored.

Also is there any way to prevent this replication? Like when does that happen? If for anyone outside of an specific region no DB access happens, does that mean no replication is happening either?

O

o7•2/26/25, 6:56 AM

EU GDPR jurisdiction support is something I'm also interested in

Mmohamnag is keeping data in EU done using location hint? Because docs say that one is not...

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lambrospetrou•2/26/25, 6:59 AM

Also is there any way to prevent this replication? Like when does that happen? If for anyone outside of an specific region no DB access happens, does that mean no replication is happening either?

There is no replication at the moment. Once it's out, we will have some control for jurisdictions once those are added for D1.

You can also check where your database is located after creation to confirm its location.

Llambrospetrou > Also is there any way to prevent this replication? Like when does that happen?...

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mohamnag•2/26/25, 8:54 AM

would you mind pointing me where the location of a DB can be seen? not finding anything on dashboard

Mmohamnag would you mind pointing me where the location of a DB can be seen? not finding a...

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mohamnag•2/26/25, 8:57 AM

found it using wrangler

Mmohamnag found it using wrangler 😉

L

lambrospetrou•2/26/25, 10:00 AM

Wrangler can give it to you yes, your query responses also contain that information in the

meta

meta

meta

meta object, and the dashboard will show it soon as well.

Llambrospetrou Wrangler can give it to you yes, your query responses also contain that informat...

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mohamnag•2/26/25, 11:14 AM

Thanks again. For now need to provide the hint and chk location afterwards. Would be nice if in future that hint is more binding too.

Mmohamnag is keeping data in EU done using location hint? Because docs say that one is not...

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Hello, I’m Allie!•2/26/25, 2:07 PM

If you are referring to DOs, they do support Jurisdictions, which means it isn’t a hint, but a guarantee that they run in a given region

Is it possible to create a D1 database with the API and access it through a worker binding? What is

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