hi team, I am struggling with creating/accessing database and service bindings for a workflow. Even

hi team, I am struggling with creating/accessing database and service bindings for a workflow. Even though the bindings are defined in the wrangler.toml, the only binding that is accessible during the deployment is the workflow binding, DB and AGENT_LOOP are undefined.

wrangler.toml:
[[workflows]]
name = "wf-ainf-run-snap"
binding = "RUN_SNAP_WORKFLOW"
class_name = "RunSnapWorkflow"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-01-01"
compatibility_flags = ["nodejs_compat"]

[[d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "ainfiltrators"
database_id = "xxxxx"

[[services]]
binding = "AGENT_LOOP"
service = "agent-loop"

deploy output:
Your worker has access to the following bindings:

Workflows:
- RUN_SNAP_WORKFLOW: RunSnapWorkflow

What am i missing here?
thanks in advance!

Bbubblewrap hi team, I am struggling with creating/accessing database and service bindings f...

Hello, I’m Allie!•1/12/25, 11:30 AM

This looks like an issue with TOML inheritance. Try this

wrangler.json

wrangler.json

instead:

wrangler.json516B

Hello, I’m Allie!•1/12/25, 11:31 AM

Also note that for Service Bindings to work, you need to have a separate

wrangler dev

wrangler dev

running with the

agent-loop

agent-loop

Worker

bubblewrapOP•1/12/25, 2:59 PM

Thanks! Now I am struggling with calling one workflow from another. Is this possible? Both workflows are folders in the same monorepo. Let's say I want to call RunSnapWorkflow from RunEpisodeWorkflow. The things I have trouble with:

When I add the workflow_b binding to workflow_a wrangler.toml, i get a deploy error: "Your Worker depends on the following Workflows, which are not exported in your entrypoint file: RunSnapWorkflow. You should export these objects from your entrypoint, src/index.ts."
If i copy the RunSnapWorkflow class definition to RunEpisodeWorkflow, i can deploy. but when i call RunSnapWorkflow.create() "I get an error: Error: workflow.not_found "

I read through all the docs but i cannot find an example where one workflow calls another

Should i bind RunSnapWorkflow as a service and use fetch interface?

Bbubblewrap Thanks! Now I am struggling with calling one workflow from another. Is this poss...

bubblewrapOP•1/12/25, 4:12 PM

when i try to bind as a service and call via fetch, i get "workflow.not_found" error... Completely stumped here

Bbubblewrap Thanks! Now I am struggling with calling one workflow from another. Is this poss...

Matt Silverlock•1/12/25, 4:30 PM

https://developers.cloudflare.com/workflows/build/workers-api/#cross-script-calls

Cloudflare Docs

Workers API · Cloudflare Workflows docs

This guide details the Workflows API within Cloudflare Workers, including methods, types, and usage examples.

Bbubblewrap Thanks! Now I am struggling with calling one workflow from another. Is this poss...

Matt Silverlock•1/12/25, 4:31 PM

Without your

wrangler.json

wrangler.json

files it is hard to guess at what you are doing though. There’s nothing special here: make sure you are exporting each Workflow, and have a binding to the ones you want to call via the Workers API.

Luca (steebchen)•1/12/25, 10:35 PM

can I list locally run workflows?

pnpm wrangler workflows list

pnpm wrangler workflows list

doens't return anything as I am just testing in dev for now and want to run the local workflow runs

Luca (steebchen)•1/12/25, 10:38 PM

also, is there something equivalent as Inngest's NonRetriableError? https://www.inngest.com/docs/features/inngest-functions/error-retries/inngest-errors#prevent-any-additional-retries

LLuca (steebchen)also, is there something equivalent as Inngest's NonRetriableError? https://www....

Matt Silverlock•1/13/25, 1:26 PM

https://developers.cloudflare.com/workflows/build/workers-api/#nonretryableerror

Cloudflare Docs

Workers API · Cloudflare Workflows docs

This guide details the Workflows API within Cloudflare Workers, including methods, types, and usage examples.

MMatt Silverlock https://developers.cloudflare.com/workflows/build/workers-api/#nonretryableerror

Luca (steebchen)•1/13/25, 1:59 PM

Oh nice thank you

Luca (steebchen)•1/13/25, 4:01 PM

I'm getting this error with the cloudflare blank starter repo when I change the index.ts to use workflows (the test passed before0

[vpw:inf] Starting isolated runtimes for vitest.config.mts...
Worker "workflows:telegram-mod-wf"'s binding "USER_WORKFLOW" refers to service "core:user:vitest-pool-workers-runner-" with a named entrypoint "MessageHandler", but "core:user:vitest-pool-workers-runner-" has no such named entrypoint.
WARN - IDE integration: Got finished tests before collecting them
WARN - IDE integration: Cannot finish not started testing

[vpw:inf] Starting isolated runtimes for vitest.config.mts...
Worker "workflows:telegram-mod-wf"'s binding "USER_WORKFLOW" refers to service "core:user:vitest-pool-workers-runner-" with a named entrypoint "MessageHandler", but "core:user:vitest-pool-workers-runner-" has no such named entrypoint.
WARN - IDE integration: Got finished tests before collecting them
WARN - IDE integration: Cannot finish not started testing

Luca (steebchen)•1/13/25, 9:17 PM

can someone help with this one please? not sure if it's an issue on my side or CF. it's just a log and everything else works fine but it seems a bit weird. it has something to do with workflows so should have posted it here I guess workers-and-pages-helpWeird "run" error with workers + CF workflows

jordanfinners•1/14/25, 7:19 AM

Hey, I think I've got a bug.

Every so often workflows will fail to find the toISOString method on the WorkflowEvent.

timestamp.toISOString is not a function

timestamp.toISOString is not a function

Which leads me to belive sometimes it's not parsing the event into a date object or losing that method somewhere.

Its failed 10 workflows for me overnight

jordanfinners•1/14/25, 9:18 AM

@Skye yes sure

export class ActionsWorkflow extends WorkflowEntrypoint<Env, StockTakeActionEvent> {
async run(event: WorkflowEvent<StockTakeActionEvent>, step: WorkflowStep) {
// some other code, but doesn't interact with event
const timestamp = event.timestamp.toISOString()
}
}

kchro3•1/14/25, 8:14 PM

Hi, folks, would there be a problem with using a for loop over a step.do & a step.sleep?

for example:

const configs = [{ id: 1, delay: "2 hours" }, { ... }]
for config in configs:
  await step.do(`do ${config.id}`, { ... })
  await step.sleep(`sleep ${config.id}`, config["delay"])

const configs = [{ id: 1, delay: "2 hours" }, { ... }]
for config in configs:
  await step.do(`do ${config.id}`, { ... })
  await step.sleep(`sleep ${config.id}`, config["delay"])

i'm not sure how this works behind the scenes, but i read that the step names need to be static so that they will be cached, so i imagine that if the workflow shuts down after the first sleep, it will reiterate over configs but "skip" the steps

do 1

do 1

and

sleep 1

sleep 1

and pick up from

do 2

do 2

. is that correct?

kchro3•1/14/25, 8:34 PM

just minor feedback, but it would be helpful if it was spelled out what happens on workflow reboots, especially in this section: https://developers.cloudflare.com/workflows/build/rules-of-workflows/#do-not-rely-on-state-outside-of-a-step

we were confused by the example because a for-loop has dynamic variables, so we weren't sure if we needed to store the index in the workflow state. there were other examples with for-loops but not with sleep calls that could force a hibernation.

Cloudflare Docs

Rules of Workflows · Cloudflare Workflows docs

A Workflow contains one or more steps. Each step is a self-contained, individually retriable component of a Workflow. Steps may emit (optional) state that allows a Workflow to persist and continue from that step, even if a Workflow fails due to a network or infrastructure issue.

Ssmcstewart Hey there, has anyone had any issues with `NonRetryableError()`? it just doesn't...

Matt Silverlock•1/15/25, 3:26 PM

What version of wrangler are you using? How are you seeing that it is retrying the step?

I can't reproduce this with your exact code:

MMatt Silverlock What version of wrangler are you using? How are you seeing that it is retrying t...

Matt Silverlock•1/15/25, 3:27 PM

Fails every time, as expected:

Ssmcstewart @Matt Thanks! It's certainly a wrangler dev issue.

Matt Silverlock•1/15/25, 3:46 PM

You mean - only local dev? What version of wrangler?

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 6:59 PM

I have some feedback – it seems that in a step.do() not the full error message may be shown on the dashboard? it just says ZodError; I doubt it's an issue on zod's side?

await step.do("detect spam", async () => {
  return await detectSpam(this.env, opts.payload.message.content);
});

await step.do("detect spam", async () => {
  return await detectSpam(this.env, opts.payload.message.content);
});

check spam basically does this:

    const response = await ai(env).chat.completions.create({
        response_format: zodResponseFormat(schema, "spam_detection"),
        model: "gpt-4o",
        messages: [
            {
                role: "user",
                content: prompt,
            },
        ],
    });

    return schema.parse(JSON.parse(response.choices[0].message.content || "{}"));

    const response = await ai(env).chat.completions.create({
        response_format: zodResponseFormat(schema, "spam_detection"),
        model: "gpt-4o",
        messages: [
            {
                role: "user",
                content: prompt,
            },
        ],
    });

    return schema.parse(JSON.parse(response.choices[0].message.content || "{}"));

LLuca (steebchen)I have some feedback – it seems that in a step.do() not the full error message m...

Matt Silverlock•1/15/25, 7:31 PM

https://zod.dev/ERROR_HANDLING?id=formatting-errors

GitHub

TypeScript-first schema validation with static type inference

LLuca (steebchen)I have some feedback – it seems that in a step.do() not the full error message m...

Matt Silverlock•1/15/25, 7:31 PM

If you want to print the error reason, you should catch it and format the

ZodError

ZodError

MMatt Silverlock If you want to print the error reason, you should catch it and format the `ZodEr...

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 7:43 PM

thanks a lot for the quick pointer. really appreciate it.

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 7:51 PM

there is no error handler with workflows yet, is there? like inFailure with inngest https://www.inngest.com/docs/reference/functions/handling-failures

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 7:52 PM

I'd like to catch any failures and send the details to sentry

D Trombett•1/15/25, 7:54 PM

iirc they suggested using a try catch

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 8:23 PM

fair enough for the beta. would be great to have that though

D Trombett•1/15/25, 9:07 PM

Agree :plus1green:

Luca (steebchen)•1/15/25, 9:42 PM

@DaveMurphySF you can ignore these, see https://discord.com/channels/595317990191398933/1328145630341894224/1328473979190509669

Rakhim•1/16/25, 12:05 PM

I have a growing backlog of pending workflow instances, while there are only a dozen (not 100) currently executing ones. Anyone has this problem? Perhaps I'm doing something wrong or I misunderstood the limits?

RRakhim I have a growing backlog of pending workflow instances, while there are only a d...

Matt Silverlock•1/16/25, 12:59 PM

Can you share your account ID here? (it’s safe to share publicly)

MMatt Silverlock Can you share your account ID here? (it’s safe to share publicly)

Rakhim•1/16/25, 1:17 PM

1ac93aea0842f2d3ef10111b5bf7bb11

1ac93aea0842f2d3ef10111b5bf7bb11

kchro3•1/16/25, 11:02 PM

Hi team, can you clarify if "concurrent executions" means any incomplete workflow or if it means any concurrently running steps?

For example, if I have a workflow with delays of multiple days, would they be considered concurrent while they are sleeping?

Kkchro3 Hi team, can you clarify if "concurrent executions" means any incomplete workflo...

tadhglewis•1/17/25, 10:25 AM

No, it's only running instances. Sleeping ones aren't counted

Mr. Technician•1/17/25, 3:44 PM

can I call workflow steps in a loop?

MMr. Technician can I call workflow steps in a loop?

Ashley•1/17/25, 6:43 PM

Yup! It’s just vanilla JS/TS, so you can do loops/conditionals etc

AAshley Yup! It’s just vanilla JS/TS, so you can do loops/conditionals etc

Mr. Technician•1/17/25, 6:44 PM

great, I wanted to make sure that wouldn't upset anything in the step architecture

Mr. Technician•1/17/25, 6:45 PM

the only thing cloudflare workers is missing is support for puppeteer stealth plugins when using the browser rendering API

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:09 PM

is this a reasonable way of making sure this variable remains accessible?

const maxFutureDays = await step.do(`get ${key} max days`, async () => 330);

const maxFutureDays = await step.do(`get ${key} max days`, async () => 330);

AAshley Yup! It’s just vanilla JS/TS, so you can do loops/conditionals etc

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:12 PM

what I'm not clear on here is what happens if the engine restarts while my loop is running

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:13 PM

for example I have a while loop that I will break out of depending on the result of the step called within it

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:13 PM

I guess I am safe as long as all of my variables are step returns

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:18 PM

also, I'm not sure my question was clear. I want to call steps within a loop, not use loops within a step

Mr. Technician•1/18/25, 5:18 PM

for example:

hi team, I am struggling with creating/accessing database and service bindings for a workflow. Even

Similar Threads

Similar Threads

Similar Threads