on crystaldisk mark to boil it down without being technical green = good anything else (yellow, orange, red) = you should consider backing up data and replace the disk
im just going to go on a whim and say your laptop might have bigger issues then bazzite installer didnt even get to do anything so it havent touched the disk since it failed to probe it.
something is clearly severely wrong with the system, cant say what though since it could be the ssd, or it could be the connector or anything inbetween the ssd and the cpu